“There are 2 types of dwarfs. The pituitary dwarf has too little growth hormone. The achondroplastic dwarf has an orthopedic reason for having short limbs and a short spinal column. The pituitary dwarf lacks growth hormone (an endocrine reason).”
“An abnormally short height in childhood may occur if the pituitary gland does not produce enough growth hormone. It can be caused by a variety of genetic mutations (such as Pit-1 gene, Prop-1 gene, growth hormone receptor gene, and growth hormone gene), absence of the pituitary gland, severe brain injury, or a tumor in the pituitary gland, but in most cases no underlying cause of the deficiency is found.
• These children usually appear normal at birth, with a normal length and weight.
• Growth retardation may become evident in infancy and persist throughout childhood. The child's "growth curve," which is usually plotted on a standardized growth chart by the pediatrician, may range from flat (no growth) to very shallow (minimal growth). Normal puberty may or may not occur, depending on the degree to which the pituitary can produce adequate hormone levels other than growth hormone.
• Growth hormone is one of the many hormones produced by the front part of the pituitary gland (a gland at the base of the skull). After the hormone is made, it is secreted into the bloodstream, to affect many parts of the body.
• A section of the brain called the hypothalamus sends a messenger substance to the pituitary gland, telling it to produce growth hormone.”
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