Over 2 million people have the gene that makes it possible to pass sickle cell on to their birth children. Over 70,000 people in the U.S.A. have sickle cell disease and they are not just African Americans. In the United States, hospitals screen all newborn babies for sickle cell disease. Sickle cell disease is most common among people whose ancestors come from sub-Saharan Africa, South America, Cuba, Central America, Saudi Arabia, India, Turkey, Greece, and Italy.

In these parts of the world, malaria is or was common. People with sickle cell trait are less likely to get malaria then other people. While the trait doesn’t eliminate a person’s chance of infection it does makes death from malaria less likely.

People have the sickle cell “trait” when they inherit one sickle cell gene and one normal gene from their birth parents. Not everyone with sickle cell trait will have the disease symptoms; however, they can pass the disease on to their birth children. It is possible for extreme conditions like high altitudes, low oxygen, dehydration, and scuba diving to cause symptoms in people with the sickle cell trait, though.

When the sickle cells pass through small blood vessels, they can clog the blood flow. This causes pain that can be mild to severe, begin suddenly, and last for any length of time. These pain episodes are the most common symptom that causes people with the disease to go the emergency room.

A healthy pregnancy is possible for women with sickle cell disease but they need to be extra careful. Severity of the disease may increase and pain episodes may be more frequent during the pregnancy. The risk of preterm labor and a baby with low birth weight is higher. Tests are available to find out if an unborn child has sickle cell disease or trait.

Bone marrow or stem cell transplant can cure sickle cell disease. The procedure is risky and can have serious side effects, including death. Therefore, the procedure is typically only used in severe cases for children with minimal organ damage from the disease.

Blood vessels in the eyes can become blocked with sickle cells, which may result in vision loss or blindness. Individuals with sickle cell disease should have their vision checked regularly for possible damage to the retina. They should have regular checkups with their primary doctor and use precautions to prevent infections or illnesses.

• Sickle Cell Disease
• Sickle Cell Quiz
• Facts about Sickle Cell Disease
• Facts about Sickle Cell Trait
• Tips for Healthy Living with Sickle Cell Disease

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